<Home> <Science> <Creation of Universe; Quranic Concepts and Scientific Theories> <Conclusion>
The foregoing discussion makes it abundantly clear that despite phenomenal progress man has achieved in science since the Newtonian discovery of the Law of Gravity, his knowledge of the Origin of Universe has not risen above the level of scientific conjecture. For obvious reasons scientists will never be able to present their theoretical formulations relating to the origin of the Universe as a scientifically verifiable reality.
One of the stunning realities which has clearly emerged out of this discussion is that modern scientific theories and findings regarding the Origin of the Universe and movement of celestial bodies are veering round the concepts as expounded in the Qur'an more than 1400 years ago. In fact the validity of these Qur'anic concepts is being increasingly substantiated with the advancement of science and sophistication of scientific tools and techniques. This is notably marked in relation to the concepts and theories pertaining to the Origin of the Universe and movements of celestial bodies.
The Qur'an unequivocally and emphatically refers to cosmic: laws which harmonise the movement of celestial bodies and bind them together: " And the Firmament He has raised high and He has set up the Balance (of Justice), in order that ye may not transgress (due) balance. (Al-Rahman, LV: 7-8). These verses categorically refer to the forces and laws which maintain the cosmic balance. These should not be disturbed otherwise the system of the Universe will collapse. The scientists are aware of these cosmic laws and testify that "if the rate of expansion one second after the big, bang had been smaller by even one part in a hundred thousand million, the Universe would have recollapsed before ever reached the present size" (Hawking, p. 128). Further the laws of science give us the values of certain fundamental numbers "Like the size of the electric charge of the electron and the ratio of the masses of the Proton and Electron" (Hawking, p. 132). The scientists now seem to appreciate the significance of this miraculous number game of Allah and declare in unequivocal terms that "these numbers have been so finely adjusted to make possible the development of life. For example if the electric charge of the electron had been only slightly different stars either would have been unable to burn hydrogen and helium or else they would not have exploded." (Hawking, p. 132). The existence of these subtle cosmic laws in the evolution of universe has forced the scientists to perceive this "either as evidence of divine purpose in creation and choice of the Laws of science or as support of strong anthropic principle" (Hawking, p. 132).
Even this strong Anthropic Principle is a part of the Divine will for if the Universe "had been different we would not be here" (Hawking,'p, 131), It is therefore clear that we cannot visualise the operation of these natural laws without the Divine will or a Supreme Creator Allah or God.
The aforesaid discussion significantly points out that scientific discoveries right from the Newtonian Law of Motion to the splitting of the atom by Rutherford and Sodd, Einstein's Theory of Relativity and Quantum Mechanics demonstrate unambiguously that objects and activities which exist in the Universe are governed by definite laws and principles, As for instance an atom is formed by a unique combination of the elementary particles (quarks) of electron, proton, neutron and position (anti-electron) and conceals an enormous amount of energy :which is released when the atom is split, It has eventually led to the making of one of the most destructive weapons to destroy mankind, the atom bomb. The scientists have also speculated that the sun is an inexhaustible source of energy and has been able to sustain it through the process of fusion, Thus whatever scientists have observed in Nature they have discovered a system and an orderly behaviour according to certain norms and laws, Hence the scientists should carefully weigh before they argue for a self-contained Universe "With no singularities or boundaries and completely described by unified theory" (Hawking, p, 184), Can we visualise this finely adjusted system of cosmos to develop through sheer chance or accident without the intervention of a Supreme Controlling Hand? In the context of human society there is always a human hand behind every work of art whether music, painting, sculpture or architecture; there is always a man behind every machine not only to design, fabricate and run it but also to monitor and control it, The mind of Man works behind every scientific invention and discovery, great literary works, etc, In our own world can we expect any event to occur without someone triggering it? What we consider valid and rational in the development of human society should be treated equally valid and rational in the natural system including the creation of the complex system of the Universe.