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  1. ABO ABDALLAH MUHAMMAD IBN AHMAD AL-DHAHABI, Trarikh al-lslam (Bodleian Library, MS Laud Or.279), fol. 170a; IBN  FADLALLAL AL-UMAR, "Masalik al-absar" (The Egyptian Library,  MS 8 mim maarif a-mma / 8), fol. 119a; AL-SAFADf, "al-Wati bi'l-watayat", (British Library, MS Or. 6587), fol. 20b, 1. 5-fol. 21 b, 1.21; "Mirat al-janan wa-tibrat al-yaqzan macritat ma yuctabar min hawadith al-zaman", by SHAYKH ABDALLAH IBN ASAD AL-YAFl,     died 768, Hyderabad, 1337-1339, vol.4, p.207; "Shadharat al-dhahab akhbar man dhahab, ABDAL-HAVY IBN AL-IMAD  AL-HANBAU, died 1089, Cairo, 1350-1351, vol. 5, p.401; ABDAL-QAQIDR IBN MUHAMMAD AL-NUAYF, al-Daris fi tarikh al-madaris", Publications of the Arabic Academy, al-Taraqqi Press, Damascus, 1367-1370/1948-1951, published by Jaafar al-Hasan, vol. 2, p.131; rdah al-maknun fi'l-dhayl ala kasht al-zunun tan asami al-kutub wa'l-tunun", ISMAIL AL-BAGHDADI, Istanbul, 1945, vol.1, p.188; "Hadiyyat al-Caritin fi asma al-muallitin wa-athar al-musannitin", ISMAIL AL-BAGHDADI, Istanbul, 1945, vol.1, p.714, KHAYR AL-DIN AL-ZIRIKLI, "al-Alam, Cairo, second ed., 1954-1959, vol.5, p.78 (see. illustrated figure no.740); UMAR RIDA KAHHALA,  "Muam al-muallifin", Damascus, 1376-1381 / 1957-1961, vol. 7, p.58. See also: "The encyclopaedia of Islam", leiden and london, 1913-1934, 4 vols., and supplement, 1938 (hereinafter El), suppl., pp. 94-95; and new ed., leiden and london, 1960 et seq, vol. 3, pp. 897-898; G. Sarton, "Introduction to the history of science", Baltimore, 1927-1948. vol.2, pp. 1099-1101 ; G. Brockelmann, "Geschichte der arabischen Utteratur", leiden,

1943-1949, 4 vols., and supplementband, leiden, 1937-1942, 3 vols., (hereinafter gal ), vol.1, p. 649, and suppl., vol. 1, p.899; M. UllMANN, "Die Medizin in Islam" (Hand- buch der Orientalistik, 1 Abt. Erganzungsband VI, 1 Abschnitt), leiden and Cologne, 1970, pp. 170-176; and A.Z. ISKANDAR, 'IBN Al-NAFIS', "Dictionary of scientific biography", New York, Scribner's, 1970-1980, 16 vols. (hereinafter D$B), vol. 9, pp. 602-606.
2. See, for example, Al-ZIRIKU, "al-Alam", vol. 5, p.87; M. MEYERHOF and J. SCHACHT, "The theologus autodidactus of Ibn al-Nafis, edited with introduction, translation, and notes", Oxford, 1968, pp. 1, 146, 148.
3. lane Medical Library, Stanford University, California, MS Z 276, fol. 1 a (see photographic plate no.1 ).
4. Ibid., fol. 1 a (see photographic plate no.2).
5. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, MS NO. A 69/II, fol. 66b, the manuscript is unnumbered (see photographic plate no.4).
6. Ibid., fol. 66a (see photographic plate no.5).
7. AHMED ISSA, "Histoire des bimaristans (Hopitaux)" a I'epoque islamique, Cairo, 1928, pp. 97-107.
8. See SAFADI, "al-Wati bi'l-wafayat" (British Library) MS Dr. 6587, fol. 20b, 1. 6-7; ABD Al-WAHHAB IBN ALI  TAJ Al-DIN Al-SUBKY, "Tabaqat al-Shafi iyyin al-kubra, edited by AHMAD IBN ABD Al-KARIM Al-QADIRI, Cairo, 1324, vol. 5, p.129, 1 .17; Al -NUAYMI, , 'al-Daris fi tarikh al-madaris", vol. 2, p. 131 .
9. IBN ABR USAYBlA, "uyun al-anba fi tabaqat al-atibba ", edited by August Muller, Cairo and Konigsberg, 1882-1884, vol.2, p.242, 1. 17-p.243, 1. 9.
10. Al-SAFADI, "al-Wati bi'l-wafayat" (British Library, MS Or. 5687), fol. 21 b, 1.20. See also: MEYERHOF and SCHACHT,"The theologus autodidactus", op.cit., pp.16 (line 12),77 (note S), 143 (line 20).
11. IBN ABR USAYBlA, "Uyiin al-anba", vol. 2, p.273, 1.19-24.
12. S.K. HAMARNEH, "Index of manuscripts of al-Zahiriyya Ubrary": Medicine and Pharmacy, Damascus, 1389- 11969, pp. 476-481. See photographic plate no.7 in that book; it portrays the last page of manuscript no. 4883/1 (148 TM), al-Zahiriyya Library. See comment in MEYERHOF and SCHACHT, "The theologus autodidactus", op.cit., p.10 and note 4.
13. Ibid., see photographic plate no.7, 1-4-5.
14. El, vol. 1, pp. 588-589.
15. Al-DHAHABI, "Tarikh al-Islam" (Bodleian Library, MS laud Dr. 279) fol. 170a; see also; MEYERHOF AND SCHACHT, "The theologus autodidactus", op. cit., p.18.
16. ISSA, "Histoire des bimaristans", op cit., pp. 36-39; El, vol. 4, pp. 84-89.
17. ISSA, "Histoire des bimaristans". op. cit., p. 38. See also Al-ZIRIKU, "al-Alam" (vol. 1, 0.188); he mentions Ibn Abi Usaybia's visit to Egypt in 634 A.H.
18. Al-SAFADI, "al-Wati bi'l-wafayat" (British library, MS Or. 6587), fol. 20b, 1.10-12, and fol. 21a, 1.1-3. shafic Ibn Ali al-Asqalani (died 730 A.H. 11330 A.D.) also says a lot about the foundation of Al-MANSORI hospital in "al-Fadl al-mathiir min sirat al-Sultan al-Malik al-Mansur". See manuscript Marsh 424 (Bodleian Library, Oxford) .
19. ISSA, "Histoire des bimaristans", op. cit., pp. 45-54.
20. El, vol. 2, pp. 685-687; new ed., vol. 4, pp. 484-486.
21. DSB, vol. 9, pp. 604-605.
22. Al-SAFADI, "al-Wati bi'l-wafayat" (British Library, MS Or. 6587), fol. 21 a. 1. 5.
23. Al-MAQRAZI, "Khutat", Cairo (Bulaq), 1270 A.H., vol. 2, p.378; Al-NUAYMI, "al-Daris", vol. 1, p.455.
24. Al-SAFADI, "al-Wati bi'l-wafayat" (British library, MS Or. 6587), fol. 20b, 1.18, and fol. 21a, 1.6.
25. TAJ Al-DIN Al-SUBKI, "Tabaqat al-Shafi iyyin al-Kubra", Cairo, 1324/1906-1907, vol. 3, pp. 88-111; Ibn al-Imad, "Shadharat", vol. 3, pp. 349-351; HAJJI KHALIFA, "Kashf al-zunun", vol. 1, p.490. See also gal, vol. 1, p. 484; "S", vol. 1, p.669; El, vol. 4, p.377.
26. Al-SUBKI, "Tabaqat", vol. 5, p.129.
27. The Arabic text is edited and published together with an English translation by: MEYERHOF and SCHACHT, "The theologus autodidactus", op.cit.
28. "El, vol. 2, pp. 424-425.
29. For research published on Ibn al-Nafis' discovery of the blood circulation, see "DSB", vol. 9, pp. 605-606.
30. To appear soon: A.Z. ISKANDAR, "Descriptive list of the Arabic manuscript on medicine and science at the University of California, Los Angeles". (E.J. Brill).
31. A.Z. ISKANDAR, "A catalogue of Arabic manuscripts on medicine and science in the Wellcome Historical Medical Library", London, 1967, pp. 50-51.
32. Ibid., pp. 47-50.
33. DSB, vol. 12, pp. 322-325.
34. DSB, vol. 3, pp. 354-357.
35. "Consideration sexta de pulsibus assumpta ex libro Siraxi arabico, & in latinum conversa per Andream Bellunensem physicum". In: "Avicenna philosophi praeclarissimi, ac medicorum principis libellus de removendes nbcumentis quae accidunt in regimine sanitatis", Venice, 1547. See C.D. O'Malley, 'A Latin translation of Ibn Nafis (1547) related to the problem of the circulation of the blood', Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 19857, 12 (2), pp. 248-249.
36. AL-SAFADI, "al-Wafi bi'l-wafayet" (British Library, MS Or. 6587), fol. 20b, 1.10-12.
37. AL-SUBKI, "Tabaqat al-Shafi iyyin" ...vol. 5, p.129.
38. N. HEER, 'Thalathat mujallada min kitab al-Shamilli 'lbn al-Nafis', "Majallat Ma'had al-MakhttaB al-Arabiyya', 1960, 6: 203-210 + 3 photographic plates which are reproduced here.
39. See also: DSB, vol. 9, pp. 603-605.
40. From these commentaries, we mention:
Sharh Abidhimya li-Buqrat
The Egyptian Library (Tibb, Talcat no.583)
Aya Sophia. Istanbul (no.3642, fols. 1-200).
Sharh Taqdimat al-marifa li-Buqrat
The University Library of Leiden (no. Oriental 49/1, fols. 1-98).
The National Library in Paris (no. 2844/2, fols. 99-185)
(Gotha) Forschungsbibliothek (no.1899)
British Library (no. Oriental 5914/2)
Aya Sofia, Istanbul (no.3644, fols. 110-224 )
Sharh Tabiat al-insan li-Buqrat (see reference no.5).
Sharh al-Fustelli-Buqrat
Aya Sophia. Istanbul (no.3554, fols. 35-137, and no.3644, fols. 1-109)
The Egyptian Library (1448 Tibb)
(Gotha), Forschungsbibliothek (no.1897 and 1898)
(Berlin) Deutsche Staatsbibliothek (no.6224 )
41. AL-SAFADI says in "al-Wafi bi'l-wafayat" "Ibn al-Nafis detested Galen's views, referring to the prolixity of his style which he described as faulty and futile". See manuscript No. Dr. 6587 (British Library), fol. 21 a, 1-3-4.
42. In English it is called In the Surgery, see the Greek text together with an English translation in: W.H.S. JONES, "Hippocrates, with an English translation" (vol.3 by E.T. Withington), London, New York and Cambridge (Mass.), Loeb Classical Library, 1923-1953, vol. 3, pp. 53-81.
43. Ibid., pp. 60-63: 40-46.
44. AL-SAFADI, "al-Wafi bi'l-wafayat", manuscript No. Dr. 6587 (British Library), fol. 21 a, 1. 7-8. 45. Ibid., fol. 21 a, 1. 8-11.